Британиялъул империя

Британиялъул империя, Британ империя (инг. British Empire) ккола бетӀерлъуда метрополияги бугеб, инсанияталъул тарихалда жанир рукӀаралщинал пачалихъазда гьоркьоб жиндихъ бищун цӀикӀкӀараб территорияги, чӀей бугеб щуябго континенталда колониялги рукӀараб колониалияб империя. Британиялъул империя гӀуцӀун букӀана доминионаздасаги, колонияздасаги, протекторатаздасаги, мандатаздасаги ва цогидал территорияздасаги, жидее Цолъараб Къиралаталъ нухмалъулел рукӀарал.

Колониалияб империя
Британиялъул империя
инг. British Empire
Байрахъ Герб
ШигӀар: ««Dieu et mon droit»» Авар: «Аллагь ва дир ихтияр»
Гимн: Боже, храни Короля[d]
Британиялъул империялда гъорлӀ рукӀаралщинал территориял. Британиялъул къватӀисел ракьал рихьизарун руго багӀаралъ
←  ←  ←  ←   →  → Файл:Flag of the Commonwealth of Nations.svg →  →  → 1707–1997
Тахшагьар	Лондон
ЧӀахӀиял шагьарал	Лондон, Дели, Калкутта, Сидней, Торонто, Монреал
Расмияб мацӀ	Ингилис
Валюта	Стерлингазул пунт
ГӀатӀилъи	33,588,365 (антарктикиял территориялги риккӀун) 31 878 965 км² (1913)
Халкъ	480 000 000 чел. (Ракьалъул халкъалъул гӀ.-ш. 24 % 1922 соналде)
ХӀакимлъиялъул форма	Конституционияб монархия
Наслу	Стюартал, Гьанновериял, Виндзорал
Пачалихъалъул бутӀрул
Монарх
• 1707–1714	Анна
• 1714–1727	Джордж I
• 1727–1760	Джордж II
• 1760–1820	Джордж III
• 1820–1830	Джордж IV
• 1830–1837	Вилгьелм IV
• 1837–1901	Виктория
• 1901–1910	Эдвард VII
• 1910–1936	Джордж V
• 1936	Эдвард VIII
• 1936–1952	Джордж VI
• 1952–1997	Элизабет II
Премьер-министер
•	СияхӀ
Медиафайлал Викигъамасалда

Жиндир завалалда гьеб букӀана тарихалда жанибго бищун кӀудияб империялъун ва,нусгоялдаса цӀикӀкӀун соналъ, дунялалъул бетӀераб къуватлъун. 1913 соналде Британ империялъ кверщел гьабулеб букӀана 412 миллион чиясда тӀад, гьеб заманалда дунялалъул кинабниги халкъалъул 23004 процент; 1920 соналде гьелъул гӀатӀилъи букӀана 35,500,000 км2, Ракьалъул кинабниги ракъдаллъиялъул 24 процент. Гьелъул хӀасилалда, Британиялъул империялъул конституционалияб, къанунияб, мацӀалъулаб, ва маданияб ирсе гӀатӀидго тӀибитӀана. Жиндир къуваталъул завалалда гьелъие сипат гьабулаан "тӀаса бакъ тӀерхьунареб империя" хӀисабалда, щай гурелъул гьелъул цогӀаги территориялда тӀад бакъ кидаго кунчӀун букӀиналъ.

ЛӀугьин (1497–1583)

Британиялъул "тӀоцебесеб" империя (1707–1783)

Британиялъул "кӀиабилеб" империялъул завал (1783–1815)

КӀудияб Британиялъул империяб гӀасру (1815–1914)

Дунялаллъул рагъал (1914–1945)

Деколонизация ва нахълъи (1945–1997)

МугъчӀваял

ХӀалтӀаби

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• Anderson, Adam; Combe, William (1801). An Historical and Chronological Deduction of the Origin of Commerce, from the Earliest Accounts. J Archer.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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• Bandyopādhyāẏa, Śekhara (2004). From Plassey to partition: a history of modern India. Orient Longman. ISBN 978-81-250-2596-2.
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• Broome, Richard (2010). Aboriginal Australians: A history since 1788. Allen & Unwin. ISBN 978-1-74176-554-0. Архивация оригиналалдаса 18 August 2021. Щвей 17 January 2021. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Brown, D. E. (1 February 1984). "Brunei on the Morrow of Independence". Far Eastern Survey. 24 (2): 201–208. doi:10.2307/2644439. JSTOR 2644439. Архивация оригиналалдаса 15 November 2020. Щвей 15 November 2011. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |access-date=, |date=, ва|archive-date= (help)
• Brown, Judith (1998). The Twentieth Century, The Oxford History of the British Empire Volume IV. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-924679-3. Архивация оригиналалдаса 3 January 2014. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Louis, Roger (1986). The British Empire in the Middle East, 1945–1951: Arab Nationalism, the United States, and Postwar Imperialism. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-822960-5. Архивация оригиналалдаса 18 April 2021. Щвей 24 August 2012. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Buckner, Phillip (2008). Canada and the British Empire. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-927164-1. Архивация оригиналалдаса 16 August 2021. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Burk, Kathleen (2008). Old World, New World: Great Britain and America from the Beginning. Atlantic Monthly Press. ISBN 978-0-87113-971-9. Щвей 22 January 2012. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
• Canny, Nicholas (1998). The Origins of Empire, The Oxford History of the British Empire Volume I. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-924676-2. Архивация оригиналалдаса 18 January 2016. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Cervero, Robert B. (1998). The Transit Metropolis: A Global Inquiry. Island Press. ISBN 978-1-55963-591-2.
• Churchill, Winston (1950). The Second World War, The Grand Alliance, Volume III. Cassell & Co Ltd. ISBN 978-0-30-492114-0.
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• Dalziel, Nigel (2006). The Penguin Historical Atlas of the British Empire. Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-101844-7. Архивация оригиналалдаса 14 May 2015. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Darwin, John (2012). Unfinished Empire, The Global Expansion of Britain. Penguin. ISBN 978-1-846-14089-1. Архивация оригиналалдаса 18 April 2021. Щвей 26 November 2020. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• David, Saul (2003). The Indian Mutiny. Penguin. ISBN 978-0-670-91137-0. Архивация оригиналалдаса 3 January 2014. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Elkins, Caroline (2005). Imperial Reckoning: The Untold Story of Britain's Gulag in Kenya. Owl Books. ISBN 978-0-8050-8001-8.
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• Galligan, Brian (1995). A Federal Republic: Australia's Constitutional System of Government. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139084932. ISBN 9781139084932. Архивация оригиналалдаса 20 February 2021. Щвей 8 February 2021. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Games, Alison (2002). Armitage, David; Braddick, Michael J (редл.). The British Atlantic world, 1500–1800. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-333-96341-8.
• Gérin-Lajoie, Paul (1951). "Constitutional Amendment in Canada". The Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science. 17 (6). Blackwell Publishing on behalf of Canadian Economics Association: 389–394. doi:10.2307/137699. JSTOR 137699.
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• Gilbert, Sir Martin (2005). Churchill and America. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-0-7432-9122-4. Архивация оригиналалдаса 3 January 2014. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Go, Julian (2007). "A Globalizing Constitutionalism?, Views from the Postcolony, 1945-2000". Гъоркь: Arjomand, Saïd Amir (ред.). Constitutionalism and political reconstruction. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-15174-1. Архивация оригиналалдаса 1 August 2020. Щвей 30 October 2020. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Goldstein, Erik (1994). The Washington Conference, 1921–22: Naval Rivalry, East Asian Stability and the Road to Pearl Harbor. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-7146-4559-9. Архивация оригиналалдаса 3 January 2014. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Goodlad, Graham David (2000). British foreign and imperial policy, 1865–1919. Psychology Press. ISBN 978-0-415-20338-8. Архивация оригиналалдаса 13 May 2011. Щвей 18 September 2010. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Gurtov, Melvin (1970). Southeast Asia Tomorrow. The Johns Hopkins Press.
• Hendry, Ian; Dickson, Susan (2018-06-14). British Overseas Territories Law (in английский). Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-5099-1871-3. Архивация оригиналалдаса 15 August 2021. Щвей 29 November 2020. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Herbst, Jeffrey Ira (2000). States and power in Africa: comparative lessons in authority and control. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-01027-7.
• Hinks, Peter (2007). Encyclopedia of antislavery and abolition. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-33143-5. Архивация оригиналалдаса 11 February 2017. Щвей 1 August 2010. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Hodge, Carl Cavanagh (2007). Encyclopedia of the Age of Imperialism, 1800–1914. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-33404-7. Архивация оригиналалдаса 15 August 2021. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Hogg, Richard (2008). A History of the English Language. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-66227-7. Архивация оригиналалдаса 27 July 2020. Щвей 13 April 2010. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Hopkirk, Peter (2002). The Great Game: The Struggle for Empire in Central Asia. Kodansha International. ISBN 978-4-7700-1703-1.
• Hollowell, Jonathan (1992). Britain Since 1945. Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-0-631-20968-3. Архивация оригиналалдаса 27 July 2020. Щвей 11 May 2020. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Hyam, Ronald (2002). Britain's Imperial Century, 1815–1914: A Study of Empire and Expansion. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-7134-3089-9. Архивация оригиналалдаса 3 January 2014. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Jackson, Ashley (2013). The British Empire: A Very Short Introduction. OUP. ISBN 978-0-19-960541-5.
• James, Lawrence (2001). The Rise and Fall of the British Empire. Abacus. ISBN 978-0-312-16985-5. Архивация оригиналалдаса 23 August 2021. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Janin, Hunt (1999). The India–China opium trade in the nineteenth century. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-0715-6.
• Johnston, Douglas M.; Reisman, W. Michael (2008). The Historical Foundations of World Order. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. ISBN 978-90-474-2393-5. Архивация оригиналалдаса 18 April 2021. Щвей 8 November 2020. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Joseph, William A. (2010). Politics in China. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-533530-9.
• Keay, John (1991). The Honourable Company. Macmillan Publishing Company.
• Kelley, Ninette; Trebilcock, Michael (2010). The Making of the Mosaic (2nd ред.). University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-0-8020-9536-7.
• Kenny, Kevin (2006). Ireland and the British Empire. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-925184-1. Архивация оригиналалдаса 3 January 2014. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Knight, Franklin W.; Palmer, Colin A. (1989). The Modern Caribbean. University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-1825-1.
• Koebner, Richard (May 1953). "The Imperial Crown of This Realm: Henry VIII, Constantine the Great, and Polydore Vergil". Historical Research. 26 (73): 29–52. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2281.1953.tb02124.x. ISSN 1468-2281. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
• Latimer, Jon (2007). War with America. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-02584-4. Архивация оригиналалдаса 3 January 2014. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Lee, Stephen J. (1994). Aspects of British political history, 1815–1914. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-09006-3.
• Lee, Stephen J. (1996). Aspects of British political history, 1914–1995. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-13102-5.
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• Lloyd, Trevor Owen (1996). The British Empire 1558–1995. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-873134-4. Архивация оригиналалдаса 17 August 2021. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Louis, Wm. Roger (2006). Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez and Decolonization. I.B. Tauris. ISBN 978-1-84511-347-6. Архивация оригиналалдаса 22 February 2017. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Low, D.A. (February 1966). "The Government of India and the First Non-Cooperation Movement – 1920–1922". The Journal of Asian Studies. 25 (2): 241–259. doi:10.2307/2051326. JSTOR 2051326. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
• Macaulay, Thomas (1848). The History of England from the Accession of James the Second. Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-043133-9.
• Macdonald, Barrie (1994). "Britain". Гъоркь: Howe, K.R.; Kiste, Robert C.; Lal, Brij V (редл.). Tides of history: the Pacific Islands in the twentieth century. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-1597-4.
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• McIntyre, W. David (1977). The Commonwealth of Nations. University of Minnesota Press. ISBN 978-0-8166-0792-1. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
• McIntyre, W. David (2016). Winding up the British Empire in the Pacific Islands. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-251361-8. Архивация оригиналалдаса 12 December 2019. Щвей 12 February 2018. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• McLean, Iain (2001). Rational Choice and British Politics: An Analysis of Rhetoric and Manipulation from Peel to Blair. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-829529-7. Архивация оригиналалдаса 3 January 2014. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Maddison, Angus (2001). The World Economy: A Millennial Perspective (PDF). Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. ISBN 978-92-64-18608-8. Архивация (PDF) оригиналалдаса 11 November 2020. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Magee, John (1974). Northern Ireland: Crisis and Conflict. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-7100-7947-3. Архивация оригиналалдаса 3 January 2014. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Magnusson, Magnus (2003). Scotland: The Story of a Nation. Grove Press. ISBN 978-0-8021-3932-0. Архивация оригиналалдаса 3 January 2014. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Marshall, P.J. (1998). The Eighteenth Century, The Oxford History of the British Empire Volume II. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-924677-9. Архивация оригиналалдаса 3 January 2014. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Marshall, P.J. (1996). The Cambridge Illustrated History of the British Empire. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00254-7. Архивация оригиналалдаса 11 May 2021. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Martin, Laura C. (2007). Tea: the drink that changed the world. Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8048-3724-8.
• McKenna, Mark (2002). Looking for Blackfellas' Point: An Australian History of Place. UNSW Press. ISBN 978-0-86840-644-2. Архивация оригиналалдаса 18 April 2021. Щвей 17 January 2021. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Mein Smith, Philippa (2005). A Concise History of New Zealand. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-54228-9. Архивация оригиналалдаса 14 May 2015. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Mulligan, Martin; Hill, Stuart (2001). Ecological pioneers. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-81103-3.
• Mori, Jennifer (2014). Britain in the Age of the French Revolution: 1785 - 1820. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-89189-5.
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• Pagden, Anthony (2003). Peoples and Empires: A Short History of European Migration, Exploration, and Conquest, from Greece to the Present. Modern Library. ISBN 978-0-8129-6761-6. Архивация оригиналалдаса 16 August 2021. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Parsons, Timothy H. (1999). The British Imperial Century, 1815–1914: A World History Perspective. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-8476-8825-8. Архивация оригиналалдаса 3 January 2014. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Pascoe, Bruce (2018). Dark Emu: Aboriginal Australia and the Birth of Agriculture. Magabala Books. ISBN 978-1-925768-95-4. Архивация оригиналалдаса 14 August 2021. Щвей 17 January 2021. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Pestan, Carla Gardina (2009). Protestant Empire: Religion and the Making of the British Atlantic World. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0-8122-4150-1. Архивация оригиналалдаса 18 April 2021. Щвей 27 January 2021. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Peters, Nonja (2006). The Dutch down under, 1606–2006. University of Western Australia Press. ISBN 978-1-920694-75-3.
• Pham, P.L. (2010). Ending 'East of Suez': The British Decision to Withdraw from Malaysia and Singapore, 1964–1968. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-958036-1.
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• Rhodes, R.A.W.; Wanna, John; Weller, Patrick (2009). Comparing Westminster. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-956349-4.
• Rothermund, Dietmar (2006). The Routledge companion to decolonization. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-35632-9.
• Russo, Jean (2012). Planting an Empire: The Early Chesapeake in British North America. JHU Press. ISBN 978-1-4214-0694-7.
• Royle, Trevor (2000). Crimea: The Great Crimean War, 1854–1856. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-4039-6416-8. Архивация оригиналалдаса 16 August 2021. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Shennan, J.H. (1995). International relations in Europe, 1689–1789. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-07780-4.
• Smith, Simon (1998). British Imperialism 1750–1970. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-3-12-580640-5. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
• Songhaus, L. (2004). Navies in Modern World History. Reaktion Books. ISBN 1-86189-202-0.
• Springhall, John (2001). Decolonization since 1945: the collapse of European overseas empires. Palgrave. ISBN 978-0-333-74600-4.
• Rein Taagepera (September 1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia". International Studies Quarterly. 41 (3): 475–504. doi:10.1111/0020-8833.00053. JSTOR 2600793. Архивация оригиналалдаса 19 November 2018. Щвей 28 December 2018. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |access-date=, |date=, ва|archive-date= (help)
• Taylor, Alan (2001). American Colonies, The Settling of North America. Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-200210-0. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
• Thomas, Hugh (1997). The Slave Trade: The History of The Atlantic Slave Trade. Picador, Phoenix/Orion. ISBN 978-0-7538-2056-8. Архивация оригиналалдаса 16 August 2021. Щвей 22 July 2009. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Tilby, A. Wyatt (2009). British India 1600–1828. BiblioLife. ISBN 978-1-113-14290-0.
• Torkildsen, George (2005). Leisure and recreation management. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-30995-0.
• Turpin, Colin; Tomkins, Adam (2007). British government and the constitution (6th ред.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-69029-4.
• Vandervort, Bruce (1998). Wars of imperial conquest in Africa, 1830–1914. University College London Press. ISBN 978-1-85728-486-7.
• Walker, William (1993). "National Innovation Systems: Britain". Гъоркь: Nelson, Richard R. (ред.). National innovation systems: a comparative analysis. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-507617-6.
• Williams, Beryl J. (1966). "The Strategic Background to the Anglo-Russian Entente of August 1907". The Historical Journal. 9 (3): 360–373. doi:10.1017/S0018246X00026698. JSTOR 2637986. S2CID 162474899.
• Young, Harold A. (2020). The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council and the Caribbean Court of Justice: Navigating Independence and Changing Political Environments. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-4985-8695-5. Архивация оригиналалдаса 24 March 2021. Щвей 27 January 2021. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Zolberg, Aristide R. (2006). A nation by design: immigration policy in the fashioning of America. Russell Sage. ISBN 978-0-674-02218-8.

КъватӀисел регӀелал

• Collection: "British Empire" Archived 2023-04-21 at the Wayback Machine from the University of Michigan Museum of Art