Юлиус Кайсар

Гаюс Юлиус Кайсар (Латин: Gaius Julius Caesar; ИФА: [ˈɡaːiʊs ˈjuːliʊs ˈkae̯sar]; 12 юл 100 НЩ – 15 март 44) was a Ромалъул генерал ва пачалихъияв хӀалтӀухъан. ТӀоцебесеб Триумвираталъул санчи, Кайсарил нухмалъуда гьоркь ромаб армиялъ гьабуна Галлиял рагъал, хада жиндирго политикия дандечи, Помпейида тӀад бергьенлъи босана чӀейилаб рагъулӀ, хадув вахъана дикататорлъун НЩ 49 сонидаса жив чӀвазегӀан 44 сонида. Эс критикалаб рол хӀана Роман Республика нахълъиялде рачарал лӀугьа-бахъиназда ва Роман империя борхиялда.

ГӀолохъанлъи ва кариера

Аслияб макъала: Юлиус Кайсарил гӀолохъанлъи ва кариера

Гаюс Юлиус Кайсар гьавуна патрицианаб хъизаналда, Юлиа генсалда (тухум-кьибил) НЩ 100 сонил 12 юлалъ. Хизаналъ абулаан Ромалде иммиграция гьабунилан Алба Лонгалдаса НЩ VII гӀасруялда Ромалъул къиралал Туллус Гьостилица шагьар биххизабун хадуса.

Иццал

ТӀоцереял

Жиндирго хъвай-хъвагӀаял

• Julius Caesar (1859) [1st century BC]. Commentarii de Bello Civili . Harper's New Classical Library. Буссинаби: McDevitte, WA; Bohn, WS. New York: Harper & Brothers – via Wikisource.
• Caesar (1917) [1st century BC]. Gallic War. Loeb Classical Library. Буссинаби: Edwards, Henry John. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-99080-7 – via LacusCurtius.

• Forum Romanum Index to Caesar's works online Archived 2008-03-21 at the Wayback Machine in Latin and translation
• Юлиус Кайсар: хӀалтӀаби eBook формаялда — Standard Ebooks
• Асаразул автор: Julius Caesar Project Gutenberg-алда
• ХӀалтӀаби: Юлиус Кайсар Интернет Архивалда
• Халип:Librivox author

НекӀсиял историкабазул хъвай-хъвагӀаял

• Аппиан (1913) [II гӀасруНЩ]. ЧӀеийлал рагъал [Cibil Wars]. Леб классикияб бибилиотека. Буссинаби: Вайт, Гьораций. Кембридж – via LacusCurtius.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
• Cassius Dio (1914–1927) [гІ-ш. AD 230]. Roman History. Loeb Classical Library. Буссинаби: Cary, Earnest – via LacusCurtius. Публикати ичӀто томалда.
• Plutarch (1920) [2nd century AD]. "Life of Antony". Parallel Lives. Loeb Classical Library. Том 9. Буссинаби: Perrin, Bernadotte. OCLC 40115288 – via LacusCurtius.
• Plutarch (1918) [2nd century AD]. "Life of Brutus". Parallel Lives. Loeb Classical Library. Том 6. Буссинаби: Perrin, Bernadotte. OCLC 40115288 – via Perseus Digital Library.
• Plutarch (1919). "The Life of Cato the Younger". Plutarch Lives: Sertorius and Eumenes; Phocion and Cato. Loeb Classical Library. Том 8. Буссинаби: Perrin, Bernadotte – via LacusCurtius.
• Plutarch (1919) [2nd century AD]. "Life of Caesar". Parallel Lives. Loeb Classical Library. Том 7. Буссинаби: Perrin, Bernadotte. OCLC 40115288 – via LacusCurtius.
• Plutarch (1916) [2nd century AD]. "Life of Crassus". Parallel Lives. Loeb Classical Library. Том 3. Буссинаби: Perrin, Bernadotte. OCLC 40115288 – via LacusCurtius.
• Plutarch (1917) [2nd century AD]. "Life of Pompey". Parallel Lives. Loeb Classical Library. Том 5. Буссинаби: Perrin, Bernadotte. OCLC 40115288 – via LacusCurtius.
• Suetonius (1913–1914). "Life of Augustus". Lives of the Twelve Caesars. Loeb Classical Library. Буссинаби: Rolfe, J C. Cambridge – via LacusCurtius.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
• Suetonius (1913–1914). "Life of Caesar". Lives of the Twelve Caesars. Loeb Classical Library. Буссинаби: Rolfe, J C. Cambridge – via LacusCurtius.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
• Velleius Paterculus (1924). Roman History. Loeb Classical Library. Буссинаби: Shipley, Frederick W – via LacusCurtius.

КӀибила иццал

• Alexander, Michael Charles (1990). Trials in the late Roman Republic, 149 BC to 50 BC. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 0-8020-5787-X. OCLC 41156621.
• Badian, Ernst (2012). "Iulius Caesar, C (2)". Гъоркь: Hornblower, Simon; ва цгл. (редл.). The Oxford classical dictionary (4th ред.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199381135.013.3394. ISBN 978-0-19-954556-8. OCLC 959667246.
• Broughton, Thomas Robert Shannon (1952). The magistrates of the Roman republic. Том 2. New York: American Philological Association.
• Boatwright, M T; ва цгл. (2004). The Romans, from village to empire. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-511875-8. OCLC 52728992.
• Canfora, Luciano (2006). Julius Caesar: The People's Dictator. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-1936-8. Архивация оригиналалдаса 26 January 2021. Щвей 2 Септембер 2017. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |access-date= ва|archive-date= (help)
• Crook, John; ва цгл., редл. (1994). The last age of the Roman Republic, 146–43 BC. Cambridge Ancient History. Том 9 (2nd ред.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-85073-8. OCLC 121060.
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• Drogula, Fred K (2019). Cato the Younger: life and death at the end of the Roman republic. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-086902-1. OCLC 1090168108.
• Goldsworthy, Adrian (2006). Caesar: Life of a Colossus. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-12048-6.
• Goldsworthy, Adrian (2016) [First published 2003]. In the name of Rome: the men who won the Roman empire. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-22183-1. OCLC 936322646.
• Griffin, Miriam, ред. (2009). A Companion to Julius Caesar. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-1-4443-0845-7.
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• Gruen, Erich (1995). The last generation of the Roman republic. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-02238-6.
• Jiménez, Ramon L. (2000). Caesar Against Rome: The Great Roman Civil War. Praeger. ISBN 978-0-275-96620-1.
• Lintott, Andrew (1999). Constitution of the Roman republic. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-926108-6. Reprinted 2009.
• Mackay, Christopher S (2009). The breakdown of the Roman republic. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-51819-2.
• Meier, Christian (1995) [First published, in German by Severin und Siedler, 1982]. Caesar. Буссинаби: McLintock, David. Basic Books. ISBN 0-465-00895-X.
• Morstein-Marx, Robert (2021). Julius Caesar and the Roman People. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781108943260. ISBN 978-1-108-83784-2. LCCN 2021024626. S2CID 242729962.
• Tempest, Kathryn (2017). [[[:Халип:Googlebooks]] Brutus: the noble conspirator]. London: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-18009-1. {{cite book}}: Check |url= value (help)
• Weber, Max (2008). Caesarism, Charisma, and Fate: Historical Sources and Modern Resonances in the Work of Max Weber. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4128-1214-6.
• Wilson, Mark B (2021). Dictator: the evolution of the Roman dictatorship. Ann Arbor, MI: Michigan University Press. ISBN 978-0-472-13266-9. OCLC 1197561102.