^ abcThomas (2004:308): A few younger speakers from, e.g., Texas, who show the Халип:Sc2/Халип:Sc2 merger have Халип:Sc2 shifted toward [a], but this retraction is not yet as common as in some non-Southern regions (e.g., California and Canada), though it is increasing in parts of the Midwest on the margins of the South (e.g., central Ohio).
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